Strengthening Her Enterprise: facilitating and boosting women entrepreneurship
In the last 10 years, women-owned enterprises in Karnataka more than doubled, three times as fast as the number of firms owned by men. Two-thirds of women-owned companies are in manufacturing and half of all India’s women-owned tech-startups are based in Bangalore.
These and other fascinating facts were the result of a study on accelerating women entrepreneurship in Karnataka, called Strengthening Her Enterprise (SHE). Here are some more:
Women Entrepreneurial Environment Index- The primary element of this study was the Women Entrepreneurial Environment Index (WEEI) which measures the satisfaction of women entrepreneurs with the business ecosystem across three main parameters: Institutional, Socio Cultural and Personal factors. Bangalore scores 62 on the WEEI, with Tier II and III cities in the State receiving an overall score of 57.
Government Support- In Tier II and III cities, government institutions are key support systems promoting women entrepreneurship while the business system in Bangalore was dominated by the private sector, including business associations, accelerators and incubators who play a large role in supporting women’s enterprise development.
Important Sectors-The study shows women-owned businesses as key drivers of new business creation in Karnataka. More than 65% of women-owned enterprises today are in the manufacturing sector, with highest concentration in industries like textiles and garments, food and beverages, jobs and general engineering. Nearly 50% of all women tech startups in India are in Bangalore, and were founded between 2009 and 2012.
Small enterprises-What is perplexing is the size of enterprises owned by women. Around 97% of the women-owned enterprises in Karnataka during 2007-13 were micro enterprises with an average employment of three employees per firm. Majority of the women-owned enterprises in Tier II and Tier III cities have shown poor annual turnover of less than Rs 10 lakh.
Inability to scale: challenges and hazards
Access to finance is the most important challenge women are facing. Most of the women-owned enterprises are undercapitalised.
Women identified their lack of financial skills and literacy as a major hindrance to their ability to obtain institutional finance.
Cumbersome procedures, high turnaround times and lack of proactive communication by banks intensified their challenges in accessing institutional debt.
In India, there is a lack of effort to use public procurement as a tool to empower women entrepreneurs, and the recent MSME Procurement bill fails to acknowledge the gendered nature of challenges in accessing public procurement.
Recommendations
Policy and its implementation-The need of the hour is to instate a State Policy on Women Entrepreneurship and creation of a Women Business Council responsible for implementing and overseeing all programs and policies that relate to women entrepreneurship.
Other interventions include a one-access portal for supply chain development, a national network of women mentors to serve as female entrepreneurship ambassadors, and support to banks in exploring non-traditional lending models and innovative financial products that support women entrepreneurs.
The study was conducted by Athena Infonomics, a niche Policy Research and Development Consulting firm, in collaboration with GIZ, Quantum Leaps, eMERG and WEConnect International.
The study was released and shared with women entrepreneurs on 19th November the Women’s Entrepreneurship Day. It was organised by WeConnect International India and Government of Karnataka, Department of Commerce and Industries.
